PCB layout is a broad term to refer to the many processes involved in designing a PCB, typically using EDA - Electronics Design Automation - CAD software; In addition, Layout is the design of overall arrangement, such as layout, routing.
After the PCB file design is completed, the graphic data is required for the PCB fabrication, that is the Artwork. That’s to say, Artwork can be considered as the Gerber that we usually say.